National Route 71 was a outback rural route connecting New South Wales with the mid-western parts of Queensland. The route primarily passed through bushland, rural properties and small towns. The major centres along the route included Cunnamulla and Charleville.
The route originally stretched from Nyngan in NSW to Barcaldine in QLD. As a result of the introduction of alphanumeric route marking in Queensland, the route was truncated and pared back to terminate in Charleville. 2 The Mitchell Highway was named after Lieutenant Colonel Sir Thomas Mitchell, who was a Scottish surveyor and explorer of southeastern Australia. Mitchell explored vast swathes of the regions that the highway passes through and was Surveyor-General of New South Wales in the 1820s.